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| Ballet : |
An
artistic dance performed as a
theatrical entertainment, or an
interlude, by a number of persons,
usually women. Sometimes, a scene
accompanied by pantomime and dancing.
The company of persons who perform
the ballet. A light part song,
or madrigal, with a fa la burden
or chorus, -- most common with
the Elizabethan madrigal composers.
A bearing in coats of arms, representing
one or more balls, which are denominated
bezants, plates, etc., according
to color.
Ballet is a specific academic
dance form and technique. It is
taught in ballet schools according
to specific methods. Works of
dance choreographed using this
technique are called ballets,
and usually include dance, mime,
acting, and music. |
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Ballet is a form of dancing performed for theatre
audiences. Like other dance forms, ballet may
tell a story, express a mood, or simply reflect
the music. But a ballet dancer's technique and
special skills differ greatly from those of other
dancers. Ballet dancers perform many movements
that are unnatural for the body. But when these
movements are well executed, they look natural.
Ballets are staged and performed by ballet companies.
The artistic director of a company is in charge
of staging a ballet. In some companies, he or
she is also the choreographer, who arranges a
ballet's dance movements and teaches them to the
dancers. After a company decides to perform a
ballet, the artistic director tries to produce
a harmonious work of art by blending all the parts
of the ballet. These parts include the dancing,
music, scenery, and costumes--all based on the
ballet's story or mood. A ballet can be performed
without music, scenery, or costumes. But most
ballets use all three parts.
The choreographer, composer, and scenery
and costume designer work together as a team.
But the dancing is the most important part of
a ballet. The designer must plan scenery and costumes
that allow the dancers space and freedom of movement.Different
ballet styles have developed in various countries.
For example, the style that developed in the United
States tends to be energetic and fast.
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| History of ballet : |
| The
first ballet produced and shown, was Balthasar de Beaujoyeulx's
Ballet Comique de la Reyne (1581) and was a ballet comique
(ballet drama). In the same year, the publication of
Fabritio Caroso's Il Ballarino, a technical manual on
court dancing (both performance and social), helped
to establish Italy as a major centre of ballet development.
Ballet developed as a separate, performance-focused
art form in France during the reign of Louis XIV, who
was passionate about dance and determined to reverse
a decline in dance standards that began in the 17th
century. King Louis XIV established the Académie
Royale de Danse in 1661; the same year in which the
first comédie-ballet, composed by Jean-Baptist
Lully, was performed. Jean-Baptist Lully's form consisted
of a play in which the scenes were divided by dances.
Lully soon branched out into opéra-ballet, and
a school to train professional dancers was attached
to the Académie Royale de Musique, where instruction
was based on noble deportment and manners.
The 18th century was a period of vast advancement in
the technical standards of ballet and the period when
ballet became a serious dramatic art form on par with
the opera. Central to this advance was the seminal work
of Jean-Georges Noverre, Lettres sur la danse et les
ballets (1760), which focused on developing the ballet
d'action, in which the movements of the dancers are
designed to express character and assist in the narrative.
The 19th century was a period
of great social change, which was reflected in ballet
by a shift away from the aristocratic sensibilities
that had dominated earlier periods through romantic
ballet. Ballerinas such as Marie Taglioni and Fanny
Elssler pioneered new techniques such as pointework
that rocketed the ballerina into prominence as the ideal
stage figure, professional librettists began crafting
the stories in ballets, and teachers like Carlo Blasis
codified ballet technique in the basic form that is
still used today.
After 1850, ballet began to decline in most parts of
the western world, but remained vital in Denmark and,
most notably, Russia thanks to masters such as August
Bournonville, Jules Perrot and Marius Petipa. Russian
companies, particularly after World War II engaged in
multiple tours all over the world that revitalized ballet
in the west and made it a form of entertainment embraced
by the general public. Today ballet is one of the most
well-preserved dances in the world. |
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